EIA data · VT
Vermont: what each way of heating costs
The short answer
In Vermont, electricity averaged 23.90¢/kWh (5.9¢ above the US average). That puts mini-split heat at about $24 per million BTU at rated efficiency, versus $18 for natural gas. A heat pump loses on fuel cost at rated efficiency, and loses at 5°F.
Fuel prices are EIA SEDS 2024 residential averages per million BTU of fuel, divided by 90% furnace/boiler efficiency. Electricity is the EIA trailing-twelve-month residential average. Heat pump efficiency: ENERGY STAR median cold-climate system, HSPF2 10 (COP 2.93) rated, COP 2 at 5°F.
Cities in Vermont
| City | 99% design temp | Heat pump $/yr | Gas $/yr | Oil $/yr | Propane $/yr |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Burlington | 0°F | $1,664 | $1,094 | $1,748 | $2,174 |
| Montpelier | -3°F | $1,899 | $1,229 | $1,963 | $2,441 |
Keep going
- Cost-to-heat calculator: put in a ZIP for your own number instead of a state average.
- All city estimates, sizing by design temperature and incentives.
- States with a similar electricity price: Michigan, Pennsylvania, New Hampshire, Connecticut.
Questions people ask
What is the electricity price in Vermont?
EIA reports a residential average of 23.90¢/kWh for Vermont over September 2025 to August 2026; the latest month, August 2026, was 23.84¢/kWh. The US average over the same twelve months was 18.04¢/kWh.
Is a heat pump cheaper than natural gas in Vermont?
Per million BTU of delivered heat, a heat pump at its rated HSPF2 costs about $24 versus $18 for natural gas at 90% efficiency. At 5°F, when efficiency is lowest, the heat pump costs about $35 per million BTU.